Director Independence Standards

The Board of Directors of the Bank has adopted the following standards for determining whether a director is independent, within the meaning of applicable Canadian and United States securities laws and the New York Stock Exchange corporate governance standards, or affiliated under the Bank Act (Canada). No director will be independent unless the Board has affirmatively determined that the director has no material relationship with the Bank or any of its affiliates, either directly or indirectly or as a partner, shareholder or officer of an organization that has a relationship with the Bank or its Affiliates. A material relationship means a relationship which could, in the view of the Board, reasonably be expected to interfere with the exercise of a director’s independent judgement. In making these determinations the Board will consider all relevant facts and circumstances. Determinations will be made on an annual basis and, if a director joins the Board between annual meetings, at such time.

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PART I
INDEPENDENCE STANDARDS

1.1 Employment Relationships

A director will be deemed to not be independent if he or she:

is, or was within the last three years, an executive officer or employee of the Bank or any of its Affiliates, or an immediate family member of the director is, or was within the last three years, an executive officer of the Bank or any of its Affiliates (provided that former part-time service as an interim chair of the Board or interim chief executive officer need not be considered);
or his or her immediate family member is, or was within the last three years, an executive officer of an entity in which any of the Bank’s current executive officer serves or served at that same time on the entity’s compensation committee; or
received, or whose immediate family member who is employed as an executive officer of the Bank received, during any twelve-month period within the last three years, more than the lesser of Cdn$75,000 or US$120,000 in direct compensation (provided that compensation received by a director for former service as an interim chair of the Board or interim chief executive officer need not be considered) from the Bank or any of its Affiliates, other than director and committee fees and pension or other forms of deferred compensation for prior service (provided that such compensation is not contingent in any way on continued service).

1.2 Audit Firm Relationships

A director will be deemed to not be independent if:

he or she is a partner or employee of the Shareholders’ Auditors;
he or she was within the last three years, a partner or employee of the Shareholders’ Auditors and personally worked on the Bank’s audit within that time;
his or her immediate family member is a partner of the Shareholders’ Auditors;
his or her immediate family member is an employee of the Shareholders’ Auditors and participates the Shareholders’ Auditors audit, assurance or tax compliance (but not tax planning) practice; or
his or her immediate family member was within the last three years, a partner or employee of the Shareholders’ Auditors and personally worked on the Bank’s audit within that time

1.3 Commercial Relationships

A director who is an employee, or whose immediate family member is an executive officer, of another company that makes payments to, or receives payments from, the Bank or any of its Affiliates for property or services in an amount which, in any single fiscal year, exceeds the greater of US$1 million or 2% of such other company's consolidated gross revenues in any of the past three years, will be deemed to not be independent.
For the purpose of 1.3.1 payments exclude payments arising from investments by the entity in the Bank’s securities and payments from trading and other relationships.
A director who provides, or whose Spouse provides goods or services to the Bank, or who is or whose Spouse is, a partner, employee of or person with a Substantial Investment in a partnership or corporation that provides goods or services to the Bank, with total annual billings to the Bank that exceed 10% of total annual billings of such person or entity, the director will be deemed not to be independent.
The Bank will also review other relationships where:
- the relationship was not entered into on terms substantially similar to those that would be offered to comparable counterparties in similar circumstances and termination of the relationship in the normal course of business would reasonably be expected to have a material and adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations or business of the counterparty; or
- a director is an officer or general partner of, or owns more than 5% of, an entity with whom the Bank has a relationship. Such relationships will not be deemed relevant to a director who is a non-management director or a retired officer of such entity, unless the Board determines otherwise.

1.4 Charitable Relationships

Contributions to a tax-exempt organization will not be considered payments for the purpose of section 1.3.1, provided however that the Bank will disclose in its annual proxy circular any contributions by the Bank in the preceding three years to a tax-exempt entity in which a director serves as an executive officer, that exceed the greater of US$1 million or 2% of such entity's total revenues in any single fiscal year.
The Bank will also review other relationships where:
- the relationship was not entered into on terms substantially similar to those that would be offered to comparable counterparties in similar circumstances and termination of the relationship in the normal course of business would reasonably be expected to have a material and adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations or business of the counterparty; or
- a director serves as an officer of a tax-exempt entity with whom the Bank has a relationship. Such relationships will not be deemed relevant to a director who is a non-management director or a retired officer of such entity, unless the Board determines otherwise.

1.5 Lending and Banking Relationships

A director will be deemed not independent if the director or his or her Spouse:
- has a Substantial Investment in an Affiliate of the Bank;
- has a Significant Interest in a class of shares of the Bank;
- is a Significant Borrower in respect of the Bank;
- has a loan that is Not in Good Standing from the Bank or its Affiliates or that is not a “permitted loan” under the Sarbanes Oxley Act;
- is a director, officer, employee of or person that controls an entity with a loan that is Not in Good Standing from the Bank or its Affiliates;
- controls one or more entities, of which the total indebtedness to the Bank or to an Affiliate would cause those entities, if treated as a single entity, to be a Significant Borrower of the Bank; or
- is an officer or employee of an entity that is a Significant Borrower in respect of the Bank.
The Bank provides personal banking and other financial services to individuals in the ordinary course of its business. All such relationships that are in the ordinary course of business will not be deemed material for director independence determinations

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PART II
ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEE MEMBERS

In addition to the Independence Standards set out in Part 1, a director will not serve on the Audit Committee if:

the director accepts, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory or other compensatory fee from the Bank or any of its Affiliates, other than remuneration in his or her capacity as a member of the Board or a committee of the Board (provided that compensatory fees do not include the receipt of fixed amounts of compensation under a retirement plan (including deferred compensation) for prior service with the Bank if the compensation is not contingent in any way on continued service); or
the director is an affiliated person of the Bank or any of its Affiliates.
for the purpose of 2.1, the indirect acceptance by a director of any consulting, advisory or other compensatory fee includes acceptance of such a fee by a director’s Spouse, a minor child or stepchild or a child or stepchild sharing a home with the director or by an entity in which such director is a partner, member, an officer such as a managing director occupying a comparable position or executive officer, or a person who occupies a similar position (except limited partners, non-managing members and those occupying similar positions who, in each case, have no active role in providing services to the entity) and which provides accounting, consulting, legal, investment banking or financial advisory services to the Bank or any of its Affiliates

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PART III
DEFINITIONS

“Affiliate, affiliated with or affiliated person of an entity” means:

a person or company that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, the entity; provided that a person is deemed not to be in control of an entity if the person is not the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 10% of any class of voting equity securities of the entity and is not an executive officer of the entity;
an executive officer of an affiliate;
a director who also is an employee of an affiliate;
a general partner of an affiliate; or
a managing member of an affiliate.

For the purposes of this definition the term control (including the terms controlling, controlled by and under common control with) means the direct or indirect power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person or company, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise.

“Bank” means the Bank of Montreal.

“Executive officer of an entity” means its chair or vice-chair (where the person performs the function of the office on a full time basis), president, any vice president in charge of a principal business unit, division or function (such as sales, administration, production or finance), principal accounting officer, any other officer of the entity or any of its subsidiaries who performs a policy making function in respect of the entity and any other person who performs a similar policy making function in respect of the entity. An officer of the entity’s parent who performs a policy making function in respect of the entity is included as an executive officer of the entity. In respect of an entity that is a limited partnership, executive officer includes any officer or employee of the general partner who performs a policy making function for the limited partner of the entity. In respect of an entity that is trust, executive officer includes any officer or employee who performs a policy making function in respect of the entity.

“Immediate family member” means an individual’s Spouse, parents, children, siblings, mothers and fathers-in-law, sons and daughters-in-law, brothers and sisters-in-law and anyone (other than domestic employees) who shares such individual’s home.

“Indebtedness” includes indebtedness in respect of commercial paper, acceptances, lines of credit to the extent drawn on and margin loans made to a director or officer of a Bank.

“Not in Good Standing” means in respect of a loan of which:

any payment of principal or interest is 90 days of more overdue;
interest is not being accrued on the books of the lender because it is doubtful whether the principal or interest will be paid or recovered; and
the rate of interest is reduced by the lender because the borrower is financially weak.

“Shareholders’ Auditors” mean the independent financial statement auditors of the Bank.

“Significant Borrower” means:

a natural person who has indebtedness for money borrowed from the Bank or an
Affiliate, other than a loan secured by a mortgage on the principal residence of that person, the total principal of which exceeds the greater of: (i) $200,000; or (ii) 1/50 of 1% of the Bank’s regulatory capital; or
an entity that has indebtedness for money borrowed from the Bank or an Affiliate, the total principal of which exceeds the greatest of: (i) $500,000; (ii) 1/20 of 1% of the Bank’s regulatory capital; and (iii) 25% of the value or the entity’s assets.

“Significant Interest” means an interest in a class of shares of the Bank or any holding company of the Bank if the aggregate of:

any shares of that class beneficially owned by the person; or
any shares of that class beneficially owned by entities controlled by the person,

exceeds 10% of all the outstanding shares of that class of shares of the Bank or any holding company of the Bank.

“Spouse” includes a common-law partner.

“Substantial Investment” means an investment in:

A. an incorporated body where:

the voting rights attached to the aggregate of any voting shares of such incorporated body beneficially owned by the person and by any entities controlled by the person exceed 10% of the voting rights attached to all of the outstanding voting shares of such incorporated body; or
the aggregate of any shares of such incorporated body beneficially owned by the person and by an entities controlled by the person represents ownership of greater than 25% of the shareholders’ equity of such incorporated body.

B. an unincorporated entity where the aggregate of any ownership interests, however designated into which the entity is divided, beneficially owned by the person and by any entities controlled by the person exceeds 25 percent of all of the ownership interests into which the entity is divided.

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